Finding a Replacement for the Eastern Hemlock: Research at the Arnold Arboretum
نویسنده
چکیده
ous problem on the East Coast until the 1980s, when it started killing entire populations of both wild and cultivated trees in the mid-Atlantic region. HWA is now well established in the eastern portion of the range of eastern hemlock, from New Hampshire south to North Carolina,z as well as in most of the range of Carolina hemlock (T. caroliniana). While considerable research has been directed toward developing chemical and biological controls for HWA on eastern and Carolina hemlock,3 relatively little work has been done to determine the resistance of other hemlock species. In one experiment, McClure’ found that one Japanese species, T. diversifolia (northern Japa-
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Salamanders in a Changing Environment on Hemlock Hill
in the environment is by monitoring animal populations over long periods. Over the past five years, for example, Robert G. Mayer has documented 126 bird species at the Arnold Arboretum, including 46 confirmed breeders and another five probable breeders. Using data from several earlier studies, Mayer was able to document the absence of at least 27 species that had once bred successfully at the A...
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The hemlock woolly adelgid (HWA, Adelges tsugae Annand) an invasive exotic insect, may extirpate eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carrière) trees from native forests, but other hemlock species could be planted to occupy their ecological niche. This study tests two of the most likely replacement species candidates: western hemlock (T. heterophylla (Raf.) Sargent) and Chinese hemlock (T. ch...
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Water use and carbon exchange of a red oak-dominated (Quercus rubra L.) forest and an eastern hemlock-dominated (Tsuga canadensis L.) forest, each located within the Harvard Forest in north-central Massachusetts, were measured for 2 years by the eddy flux method. Water use by the red oak forest reached 4 mm day(-1), compared to a maximum of 2 mm day(-1) by the eastern hemlock forest. Maximal ca...
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We studied the adult ambulatory response of the predator, Laricobius nigrinus Fender (Coleoptera: Derodontidae), to odors from its prey, Adelges tsugae Annand, the hemlock woolly adelgid, and foliage of hemlock woolly adelgid, host hemlocks (Tsuga spp.), and other conifers. Both the predator and hemlock woolly adelgid are apparently native to western North America, but the predator is being re...
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Infestation of eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr.) with hemlock woolly adelgid (HWA, Adelges tsugae) has caused widespread mortality of this key canopy species throughout much of the southern Appalachian Mountains in the past decade. Because eastern hemlock is heavily concentrated in riparian habitats, maintains a dense canopy, and has an evergreen leaf habit, its loss is expected to ...
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